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Wheat

Lechem Hapanim: Bread in the Presence of YHWH

Each week, twelve fresh loaves of bread were placed before YHWH in the Tabernacle and Temple. What do we know about the practice and its significance?

Prof.

Jennie Ebeling

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The Three Shavuot Festivals of Qumran: Wheat, Wine, and Oil

Throughout the Bible, we find that the land of Israel is blessed with grain, wine, and oil (דגן, תירוש, ויצהר). In the Torah, however, the festival of Bikkurim, “First Produce,” only celebrates the wheat harvest. In the Temple Scroll, the Essenes rewrote the biblical festival calendar to include two further bikkurim festivals to celebrate wine and oil.

Prof.

Marvin A. Sweeney

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