Torah Portion

Vayetzei

ויצא

Genesis 28:10-32:3
Hosea 12:13–14:10

Jacob’s Dream: Why Do God’s Angels Ascend and Descend?

Jacob’s Dream: Why Do God’s Angels Ascend and Descend?

Jacob’s vision of angels of God going up and down is an allegory, a mise en abyme for the patriarchs’ journey to and from the land, and should be understood as a counterpart to YHWH’s reassurance to Jacob that he will return (Genesis 28:15).

Prof.
Yitzhak (Itzik) Peleg
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Celebrating Marriage in Ancient Israel and the Origins of Sheva Berakhot

Celebrating Marriage in Ancient Israel and the Origins of Sheva Berakhot

Jacob and Samson celebrate their marriages for seven days. The earliest mention of marriage ​blessings, however, is in the apocryphal book of Tobit and the Dead Sea Scrolls, both from the late second Temple times. 3, 5, 6 and even 7 blessings circulated in Jewish society before the rabbis formalized the series as the “Sheva Berakhot” by early medieval times. Their recitation by guests ​​during the celebratory week was promoted by the rabbis as occasions to engage in an “act of lovingkindness” ​(gemilut ḥasadim).​

Prof.
Stuart Miller
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Rachel’s Teraphim: A Critique of the Northern Kingdom

Rachel’s Teraphim: A Critique of the Northern Kingdom

Rachel steals teraphim from her father Laban; Michal uses them to save her husband David from her father Saul; Micah includes them in the shrine he builds on his property. What are they and how do they function in these stories?

Prof.
Erin D. Darby
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Where Do Isaac and Rebecca Live When Jacob Leaves Home?

Where Do Isaac and Rebecca Live When Jacob Leaves Home?

Isaac and Rebecca live in Beersheba (Gen 26:23), Beer-lahai-roi (Gen 25:11) and Kiryat-arba (Gen 35:27). When Jacob sets off to Laban’s house, where is he leaving from?

Dr.
David Ben-Gad HaCohen
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Bride-Price: The Story of Jacob’s Marriage to Rachel and Leah

Bride-Price: The Story of Jacob’s Marriage to Rachel and Leah

To marry a woman, a man had to first pay her father a מֹהַר (mohar), “bride-price.” Although Laban allows Jacob to marry Rachel before working off his debt, she only has her first child at the end of the seven-year period.

Dr.
Kristine Henriksen Garroway
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Hosea’s Characterization of Jacob

Hosea’s Characterization of Jacob

As part of a complaint by God against Israel and Judah, Hosea 12 mentions several stories about Jacob, intended to serve as a model for behavior. But is Jacob a good or bad role model?

Noam Cohen
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Jacob’s Deal with God

Jacob’s Deal with God

The vow Jacob makes to God is ambiguous. Where does the condition of the vow end and his action begin?

Dr. Rabbi
Zvi Grumet
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Did Jacob Meet YHWH by the Stairway to Heaven in Beth-El?

Did Jacob Meet YHWH by the Stairway to Heaven in Beth-El?

On his way to Haran, Jacob stops at a place, later named Beth-El, and sees in a dream angels going up and down a staircase to the gateway of heaven. In the story, Jacob also notices YHWH standing beside him and YHWH speaks to him. Examined closely, this short story is beset with literary difficulties that suggest it is composed of two independent narratives.

Prof.
Baruch J. Schwartz
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Shakespeare Plays on the Questionable Source of Jacob's Wealth

Shakespeare Plays on the Questionable Source of Jacob's Wealth

The Torah offers two explanations for how Jacob obtained great wealth at his father-in-law’s expense. Quite surprisingly, Shakespeare picked up on this narrative tension and made use of it to create the (in)famous biblically based dialogue between Shylock and Antonio in The Merchant of Venice.

Prof. Rabbi
Herbert Basser
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How the Israelite Family Was Put Together: The Twelve Sons of Jacob

How the Israelite Family Was Put Together: The Twelve Sons of Jacob

The older Northern version of the Jacob story was heavily supplemented by later Southern authors, yielding more sons of Jacob, new explanations of their names, and a much more fecund Leah.

Dr. Rabbi
Tzemah Yoreh
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What’s in a Name? The Bible vs. the Middle Ages

What’s in a Name? The Bible vs. the Middle Ages

Naming practices in the biblical and ancient Near Eastern cultures differed significantly from those of medieval Jews in Fatimid Egypt (7th-12th cent. CE) as evidenced by the genizah findings. Examining these names presents us with important historical and anthropological data.

Prof.
Elinoar Bareket
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A Parasha Pregnant with the Past, Present and Future of Israel’s Protagonists

A Parasha Pregnant with the Past, Present and Future of Israel’s Protagonists

Three distinct themes in Parashat Vayetzei are intertwined: Jacob’s encounter with God at Bethel, the birth of Jacob’s sons, and Jacob’s departure from Haran. 

Prof.
Zvi Ben-Dor Benite
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How Is It Possible that Jacob Mistakes Leah for Rachel?

How Is It Possible that Jacob Mistakes Leah for Rachel?

“When morning came, there was Leah!” (Genesis 29:25). Could Jacob not tell the difference between Rachel, his beloved of seven years, and her sister Leah—for a whole night? Commentators have long tried to make sense of the story by adding extra details, but perhaps we need to rethink the nature of Jacob and Rachel’s relationship during those years.

Dr. Rabbi
Zev Farber
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Vayetzei

ויצא

Genesis 28:10-32:3

וַיַּחֲלֹם וְהִנֵּה סֻלָּם מֻצָּב אַרְצָה וְרֹאשׁוֹ מַגִּיעַ הַשָּׁמָיְמָה וְהִנֵּה מַלְאֲכֵי אֱלֹהִים עֹלִים וְיֹרְדִים בּוֹ׃

בראשית כח:יב

He had a dream; a stairway was set on the ground and its top reached to the sky, and angels of God were going up and down on it.

Gen 28:12

Genesis

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